In this pdf-note, we’ll start with the borders of the upper limb:

• The anterior border is the deltopectoral groove

• The posterior border is the posterior deltoid groove

  

  

  Within the upper limb, there are many regions:

• Deltoid region (regio deltoidea)

• Axillary region (regio axillaris)

• Anterior region of the arm (regio brachialis anterior)

• Posterior region of the arm (regio brachialis posterior)

• Anterior region of the elbow (regio cubitalis anterior)

• Posterior region of the elbow (regio cubitalis posterior)

• Anterior region of the forearm (regio antero brachialis anterior)

• Posterior region of the forearm (regio anterobrachialis posterior)

• Anterior region of the wrist (regio carpalis anterior)

• Posterior region of the wrist (regio carpalis posterior)

• Palmar region of the hand (regio palmaris manus)

• Dorsal region of the hand (regio dorsalis manus)

  

  

  Within these areas, the muscles of the upper limb are located.

  These include:

• Pectoral girdle muscles

• Muscles of the free part of upper limb

  The muscles of the free part of the upper limb are divided into:

• Arm muscles

• Forearm muscles

• Hand muscles

  There are three groups among the muscles of the hand:

• The thenar eminence muscles (thenar) is the lateral group

• The hypothenar eminence muscles (hypothenar) form the medial group

• The middle muscle group

  The muscles of the hypothenar eminence include:

• Palmaris brevis muscle (m. palmaris brevis)

  

  Palmaris brevis muscle
  (m. palmaris brevis)

  Origin: flexor retinaculum, palmar aponeurosis

  Insertion: inserts into the skin of the medial border of the hand

  Function: wrinkles the skin of the hypothenar eminence

  Innervation: ulnar nerve (C8-Th1)

  Blood supply: ulnar artery

• Abductor digiti minimi muscle (m. abductor digiti minimi)

  

  Abductor digiti minimi muscle
  (m. abductor digiti minimi)

  Origin: pisiform bone, flexor retinaculum

  Insertion: base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger

  Function: abducts the little finger

  Innervation: ulnar nerve (C7-Th1)

  Blood supply: deep palmar branch of the ulnar artery

• Opponens digiti minimi muscle (m. opponens digiti minimi)

  

  Opponens digiti minimi muscle
  (m. opponens digiti minimi)

  Origin: flexor retinaculum, hook of the hamate

  Insertion: medial border and anterior surface of the 5th metacarpal

  Function: opposes the little finger to the thumb

  Innervation: ulnar nerve (C8-Th1)

  Blood supply: deep palmar branch of the ulnar artery

• Flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle (m. flexor digiti minimi brevis)

Dictionary

Muscles of the hand

Deltoid region

regio deltoidea

Axillary region

regio axillaris

Anterior region of the arm

regio brachialis anterior

Posterior region of the arm

regio brachialis posterior

Anterior region of the elbow

regio cubitalis anterior

Posterior region of the elbow

regio cubitalis posterior

Anterior region of the forearm

regio anterobrachialis anterior

Posterior region of the forearm

regio anterobrachialis posterior

Anterior region of the wrist

regio carpalis anterior

Posterior region of the wrist

regio carpalis posterior

Palmar region of the hand

regio palmaris manus

Dorsal region of the hand

regio dorsalis manus

Thenar eminence

thenar

Hypothenar eminence

hypothenar

Palmaris brevis muscle

m. palmaris brevis

Abductor digiti minimi muscle

m. abductor digiti minimi

Opponens digiti minimi muscle

m. opponens digiti minimi

Flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle

m. flexor digiti minimi brevis