The bones of the shoulder girdle (cingulum membri superioris) include the clavicle (clavicula) and the scapula (scapula).
The scapula is a pair of flat triangular bones. It has two surfaces:
Posterior/dorsal surface (facies posterior/dorsalis)
The anterior/costal surface (facies anterior/costalis), also called the subscapular fossa (fossa subscapularis)
There are also three borders:
The medial border (margo medialis)
The lateral border (margo lateralis)
The superior border (margo superior), which has a suprascapular notch (incisura scapulae). The suprascapular artery and the suprascapular nerve pass through this notch.
The scapula has three angles:
The superior angle (angulus superior)
The inferior angle (angulus inferior)
The lateral (acromial) angle (angulus lateralis/acromialis)
On the dorsal surface, there is a large prominence called the spine of the scapula (spina scapulae).
Above this lies the supraspinous fossa (fossa supraspinata), containing the supraspinatus, and below the spine lies the infraspinous fossa (fossa infraspinata), where the infraspinatus is located.
On the lateral side, the spine of the scapula extends in the form of a large process — the acromion (acromion).
It has a clavicular facet (facies articularis clavicularis) that connects to the acromial end of the clavicle.
The base of the lateral angle of the scapula is slightly narrowed and is called the neck of the scapula (collum scapulae).
Furthermore, around the lateral angle lies the glenoid cavity (cavitas glenoidalis), which, together with the head of the humerus, is involved in the formation of the shoulder joint.
Above this cavity is the supraglenoid tubercle (tuberculum supraglenoidale) and below the infraglenoid tubercle (tuberculum infraglenoidale).
From the superior border of the scapula extends another process — the coracoid process (processus coracoideus), which is the attachment point for several muscles and ligaments.
Scapula (Shoulder blade)
- cingulum membri superioris
- shoulder girdle
- clavicula
- clavicle
- scapula
- scapula
- facies posterior/dorsalis
- posterior/dorsal surface
- facies anterior/costalis
- anterior/costal surface
- fossa subscapularis
- subscapular fossa
- margo medialis
- medial border
- margo lateralis
- lateral border
- margo superior
- superior border
- incisura scapulae
- suprascapular notch
- angulus superior
- superior angle
- angulus inferior
- inferior angle
- angulus lateralis
- lateral angle
- spina scapulae
- spine of scapula
- fossa supraspinata
- supraspinous fossa
- fossa infraspinata
- infraspinous fossa
- acromion
- acromion
- facies articularis clavicularis
- clavicular facet
- collum scapulae
- neck of scapula
- cavitas glenoidalis
- glenoid cavity
- tuberculum supraglenoidale
- supraglenoid tubercle
- tuberculum infraglenoidale
- infraglenoid tubercle
- processus coracoideus
- coracoid process