In this pdf-note, we’ll start with the borders of the lower limb:

• The posterior border passes through the coccyx and the lateral margins of the sacrum

• The lateral border is the iliac crest

• The anterior border passes through the inguinal ligament and the pubic symphysis

There are several regions within the lower limb:

1. Gluteal region (regio glutealis)

2. Femoral region (regio femoralis)

3. Knee region (regio genus)

4. Leg region (regio cruralis)

5. Ankle region (regio talocruralis)

6. Foot region (regio pedis)

Within these areas, the muscles of the lower limb are located.

These include:

• Pelvic girdle muscles

• Muscles of the free part of lower limb

  The muscles of the free part of the lower limb are divided into:

• Thigh muscles

• Leg muscles

• Foot muscles

  The leg muscles form three groups:

• The anterior group consists of the extensors of the foot

• The posterior group consists of the flexors and supinators of the foot

• The lateral group consists of the foot abductor muscles The lateral group includes the following muscles:

• Peroneus longus muscle (m. peroneus longus / m. fibularis longus), which has two heads: anterior and posterior.

  

  

  

  

  Peroneus longus muscle
  (m. peroneus longus / m. fibularis longus)

  Origin:

  Anterior head (caput anterius) consists of the head of the fibula and the lateral condyle of the tibia

  Posterior head (caput posterius) is the lateral surface of the fibula

  Insertion: inserts as a single tendon into the plantar surface of the bases of the 1st and the 2nd metatarsals, as well as into the medial sphenoidal bone

  Function: abducts the foot (lifts its lateral edge), flexes and pronates the foot

  Innervation: superficial fibular nerve (L4-S1)

  Blood supply: peroneal artery, inferior lateral genicular artery

• Peroneus brevis muscle (m. peroneus brevis / m. fibularis brevis)

Dictionary

Muscles of the leg

Gluteal region

regio glutealis

Femoral region

regio femoralis

Knee region

regio genus

Leg region

regio cruralis

Ankle region

regio talocruralis

Foot region

regio pedis

Peroneus longus muscle

m. peroneus longus / m. fibularis longus

Peroneus brevis muscle

m. peroneus brevis / m. fibularis brevis